Ray nanobodies

The elasmobranch fishes (sharks, skates, and rays) have developed unique adaptations that have facilitated their persistence in the marine environment for hundreds of millions of years. Among their multitude of specialized adaptations are unique physiological traits, elasmobranchs exhibit adaptive immunity, and represent the oldest group of marine vertebrates to possess this capacity.  Furthermore, the ability to produce immunoglobulins, in particular immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (IgNAR) that can exhibit both high affinity and antigen specificity, presents a realm of possibilities for biomedical and agricultural research.

Working with partners at the USDA - Agriculture Research Service we are currently exploring the genomes and immunology of multiple species of rays so that we can introduce a novel pathogen like citrus greening bacteria, and study the immune response specific to that pathogen. The genetic material (gene) encoding this specifically-targeted antibody can then be placed in modified plant cells that grow as a symbiont – an organism that lives in a close, mutually beneficial relationship with the diseased organism. Alternatively, we can culture the modified plant cells in large vessels and then harvest the antibodies that the cells produce for inoculation into citrus trees. The resulting antibody therapy would prevent or cure disease development in the trees.

Collaborators: Dr. Joseph Krystel (USDA-ARS), Dr. Michelle Heck (Cornell University/USDA), Dr. Robert Shatters (USDA-ARS)

Funding: ARSX2022